Language Development to the children

Language develops at different rates in different children, but most children follow this pattern:

Birth
When babies are born, they can already respond to the rhythm of language. They can recognize stress, pace, and the rise and fall of pitch

SOMA MAJINA YA WALIOKULA FEDHA ZA AKAUNTI YA ESCROW KATIKA RIPOTI YA PAC ILIYOSOMWA BUNGENI TAR.26/11/2014 SAA 11:00 JIONI

Zitto: Upande wa viongozi wa kisiasa ambao waliingiziwa fedha katika akaunti zao binafsi ni; Mhe.
Andrew Chenge (Mb)

Zitto: Andrew Chenge aliingiziwa shilingi bilioni 1.6.

Zitto: Mhe. Anna Tibaijuka (Mb) na Waziri wa 62
Ardhi, Nyumba na Maendeleo ya Makazi shilingi bilioni 1.6

Psychology and Brain

The cerebral cortex.

The human brain is not only one of the most important organs in the human body; it is also the most complex. In the following tour, you will learn about the basic structures that make up the brain as well as how the brain works. This is not an in-depth look at all of the research on the brain (such a resource would fill stacks of books). Instead, the goal of this brain tour is to familiarize you with major brain structures and their functions.

The cerebral cortex is the part of the brain that functions to make human beings unique. Distinctly human traits including higher thought, language and human consciousness as well as the ability to think, reason and imagine all originate in the cerebral cortex

Anticolonialism

Western colonialism has engendered anticolonialism from the beginning of the age of European expansion. All empires, in fact, have provoked local and indigenous defiance, backlashes, and resistance throughout human history. The conquest, domination, exploitation, and rule of neighboring and distant peoples and their lands by a powerful and often alien polity, by their very nature, has time and again produced many different kinds of challenges, opposition, and violence

Anticolonial movement In Africa

Anticolonial movements in Africa were responses to European imperialism on the continent in the late nineteenth century and the greater part of the twentieth century. African responses to colonial rule varied from place to place and over time. Several forms of both armed and nonviolent resistance to colonialism occurred. Nonviolent forms of anticolonialism included the use of the indigenous press, trade unionism, organized religion, associations, literary and art forms, and mass migrations

Jinsi ya kufanya Katelelo

Sasa ni hivi, Kitendo cha kucheza na kisimi kwa utaalamu na mirindimo tofauti mpaka mwanamke anamaliza ndio kinaitwa "katelelo", kitendo hiki hakina tofauti sana na "kumshukia" mwanamke yaani kucheza na kisimi kwa kutumia ulimi japokuwa ulimi ni mtamu zaidi kwa vile ni laini kutokana na mate kinywani vilevile unanyonya kila baada ya "vibrashi" vichache, bila kusahau kuna "speed" amabyo huongezwa na kupunguzwa.


Kitendo hiki hufanywa kwa kufuata mikao fulani kama ilivyo kwenye "kumshukia Chumvini" na mikao hiyo ni kama vile "Doggy" Inaweza kuwa ya kupiga magoti au ya kuinama, kulala chali na kupanua miguu, kukaa kochini au kitini na kupanua miguu.....kama hakionekani basi mwana mama itamlazimu kutumia mikono yake ili kupanua maeneo yake nyeti ili uweze kufanyia kazi "kiharage".


Kuna namna ya ukamataji wa uume ili kufikia lengo, kuna wale wanaoushikilia karibu zaidi na kichwa hali inayoongeza ukubwa wa "kichwa" na ugumu hali inayo ongeza utamu alafu ndio wanasugua (hii kama inauma vile eeh), wacha niseme ku-brashi Kisimi, ku-brashi huko hutofautiana (nitakuambia jisni ninavyoendelea)


Pia kuna wanaume wengine hushikilia uume kama vile wanavyo kojoa (sio manii bali mkojo maji) au wanavyouingiza ukeni lakini sasa wanaishia kisimini tu na kufanya ile-brashi. Sasa wakati unaendelea na ku-brashi unatakiwa kuongeza manjonjo na "spidi" ili kumpa mpenzi wako utamu makini.

Unaweza kuwa unachovyesha kichwa pale ukeni (unapoingia uume) pale mwanzo wa uke kuna utamu wake ambao ni tofauti au niseme ni zaidi ya ule wa kisimi japokuwa huwezi kufikia kilele.......wakati "unamkaTelelo" Kisaikolojia atakuwa anasikilizia Utamu wa ajabu bila kujua tofauti, yeye atakuwa akijua unacheza na sehemu ya juu ya uke wake ambayo ni Kisimi.

Ikiwa mwanamke unaefanyanae ni mmoja kati ya wale wenye kutoa maji mengi (nasikia baadhi ya Wahaya,Wachaga, Wanyakyusa (kwa Tz), Waganda, Warundi na Wanyarwanda) hii ni kwa ajili ya kula ndizi nini hehehehehe......basi wakati anakaribia utaanza kuona maji yakiongezeka na akifika kabisa basi ndio vile......usisahau kuanika Godoro.


Wanawake wengi wa Kiafrika wanapenda sana mtindo huu wa ufanyaji ngono kwa vile ni rahisi kufika kileleni kuliko aina nyingine ya ufanyaji hasa ukizingatia kuwa asalimia kubwa ya wanawake hawana uwezo wa kusikilizia/kupata utamu wa ngono kwenye maeneo mengine (mwanzo wa uke, Kipele G, Kuta za uke na eneo linaolitwa AFE).


Kisimi ni eneo pekee la linaloweza kumfanya mwanamke kupata uzoefu wa utamu wa ngono kwa haraka kuliko sehemu nyingine za uke wake hata kama kajaaliwa kusikilizia utamu ikiwa maeneo mengine manne yakifanyiwa kazi vema.

                    

                                         All the best

Fonolojia,michakato na sheria za kifonolojia

Fonolojia ni tawi la isimu linalojishughulisha na kuchunguza mifumo ya lugha mbalimbali za binadamu. Fonolojia hujihusisha au hujishughulisha na jinsi sauti za lugha zinavyotumika katika kujenga maneno ambayo huwakilisha maana.

Michakato ya kifonolojia ni mabadiliko ya kifonolojia yatokanayo na kubadili maumbo ya kifonolojia na kuwa ya kifonetiki. Mfano katika lugha ya Kingereza /spin/→[spin] “zunguka ukiwa sehemu ileile. Kupitia misingi ya fonolojia kuna michakato na sheria zinazohusu fonolojia; ifuatayo ni michakato ya kifonolojia inayojidhihirisha katika taaluma ya kifonolojia

Developmental Milestone Of The Child.

A developmental milestone is an ability that is achieved by most children by a certain age. Developmental milestones can involve physical (walking), social (sharing with others), emotional (expressing emotions), cognitive recognizing familiar sounds) and communication skills (talking)

How your child plays, learns, speaks, and acts offers important clues about your child’s development. Developmental milestones are things most children can do by a certain age.

Check the milestones your child has reached by the end of 6 months.

What most babies do at this age?

Social.

• Knows familiar faces and begins to know if someone is a stranger
• Likes to play with others, especially parents

Emotional.

• Responds to other people’s emotions and often seems happy
• Likes to look at self in a mirror

Language/Communication

• Responds to sounds by making sounds
• Strings vowels together when babbling (“ah,” “eh,” “oh”) and likes taking turns with parent while making sounds
• Responds to own name
• Makes sounds to show joy and displeasure
• Begins to say consonant sounds (jabbering with “m,” “b”)

Cognitive (learning, thinking, problem solving)

• Looks around at things nearby
• Brings things to mouth
• Shows curiosity about things and tries to get things that are out of reach
• Begins to pass things from one hand to the other

Movement/Physical Development

• Rolls over in both directions (front to back, back to front)
• Begins to sit without support
• When standing, supports weight on legs and might bounce
• Rocks back and forth, sometimes crawling backward before moving forward.

Thanks for visiting

Trials underwent by the German to obtain labour in Africa

Historically labor question was the major issue that concerned in different colonial in Africa. All economic activity, whole colonial development and ultimately, the fate of German colonial project depended on African labor.

The labor question was the major colonial development policy that was determines how to organize export production in different parts. And these were centered on how to extract necessary labor from those who possessed it and how to make it available to the colonialists.

  
The development of different colonial project needed a large number of labors from Africa but African labors were so problematic to provide their labor to the colonialist for instance in German East Africa era. These natural brutal and forceful German had been facing these problems in their era in East Africa. So they decided to attempt different trials in stabilizing the labor question to their farms,[1] for example they use labors found around the coast area.

The following are different trials underwent by German in stabilizing the labor question in East Africa.   

Force or wants was the trials underwent by German by creating desire to Africans by brought different goods this was because the overwhelming majority of German colonialist believe that Africans did not wish to work for them the reason Africans were lazy and indolence. Soothe creation of new needs and improvement of value of existing ones hence they got labor to their farms because African need the good so in order to get the goods you have to provide  labor.

Pull and push trial, as a set of factors related to working place remuneration and work itself which attracted the people to work while the former presents another set of factors related to the background and living conditions of the workers and in the present case to the political context and state coercion which pushed them to work. As the supply of voluntary labor was all too insufficient, the earliest measures were heavily and literally concentrated on push side. Those Africans who did not wish to work for Europeans could be forced into it.

Introduction of taxation, after German colonialist began to settle in the area tax labors were sent to farms so Africans were forced to pay tax which were called head tax the people have no way of escaping they fear to be beaten when they will escape of paying tax the solution were to go to farms hence they recruit labors to their farms.

Discipline workers, creation of a labor force meant not only obtaining labor but also subjecting it to discipline and workers were taught about day to working. African had followed the rhythm of sun and rains, they had adapted to hours, weeks and months to working days and rest days.

Ora et labora, missionaries played a most important part in education for work. Although missionaries in much way differed from colonial official’s merchants and planters, they too come from societies in which division of labor and commodity production was far advanced. Among of education provided was in religions that there was a motto says “Pray and Work” hence they convert Africans and get labor.

Force and pressure this was another trials underwent by German in which Africans were forced a pressurized to provide their labor to the plantations and estates for colonialist[2]. These were only the evidence shows that at grass roots level the use of force and pressure in obtaining labor not only continued but intensified because the issue of labor was due to the actual development in Africa.

Labor card system (Kipande), every man had to obtain an official labor card that contained 30 squares, which filled according to the number of days worked by the holder for Europeans employers[3]. And the card had to filled in four months otherwise the holder could be sent to public works which were paid less or not at all. Africans fail to escape the system hence they provide their labor.

The coolie experiment, this was another option of German to import workers from abroad. Particular coveted Chinese coolies who were reputed to work hard from morning to night without supervision subsisting on rice alone[4]. The result of experiment were embarrassing that were relative expensive compared to African contract workers

Turning to their own African for creation of labor force,the variety of measures they took can be approached by introducing the concepts of pull and push. Pull refers to a set of factors related to working place, remuneration and work itself which attracted people to work while push represents another set of factors related to the background and living condition of workers

They use the laborers found around the coastal areas this was the attempt made first to solve the labor question in German East African. Also was an emergence labor whereby slaves had to work at different colonial project, and this method failed due to reason that organization by European which remarkably new land.

Supplying trade goods in order to raise the wants or desires of African in order to work on colonialist to get such trade goods because African was lazy but their laziness rather than being an inborn racial feature this was the result of general lack of wants.

Thus the labor must therefore be obtained from elsewhere and this would only successes if recruitment were performed smoothly and working condition become competitive. And these were because labors were more valuable to the colonial system as the producers.

REFERENCES

 Illife. J. (1979).  A Modern History of Tanganyika, Cambridge University Press.

Koponen. J. (1994). Development for Exploitation. Helsinki

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[1] J. Koponen, The Creation of Labor, Development for Exploitation. Chapter 6, 1994, pp 321

[2] J. Illife Tanzania Under Colonial Rule, A Modern History of Tanganyika, Cambridge 1979. Chapter 4. pp 94

[3] J. Koponen. Chapter 6, pp 400

[4] J. Koponen, ibid pp 336.